Business needs to be more regulated Research Paper

Business needs to be more regulated - Research Paper Example other hand those in favor of strict government regulations argue that free markets are not as efficient as they may seem and due to their competitive nature, they involve in practices that impacts the society in a negative manner. Businesses need to be more regulated because businesses are inefficient, businesses are indulging in unethical practices, and there are monetary and physical losses of lack of strict regulation. Regulations governing businesses need to be increased and should be more stringent in nature because less regulation is resulting in inefficient use of resources which are already limited in supply. Competition between businesses has increased and they are trying to find methods through which they can produce more in order to capture a higher proportion of market share. Due to this more products that are homogenous in nature are being produced and the number of goods and services being produced are more than the number of goods and services being demanded. Due to this a major percentage of the produced goods and services are being left unused and wasted. This wastage of goods and services is resulting in an increase in the inefficient ways of using resources that are already limited in number. This inefficient use of resources proves that the model of free market is failing to meet its promise of efficient use of resources. According to a news article published in Liberation News, e ach year around 3 million individuals of the United States experience the state of homelessness and to cover these three million individuals, there were 18 million houses available and vacant (pslweb.org, 2013). This shows that due to competition, constructors have built more houses than the number of houses demanded in United States. This even show that the resources used to make these houses will continue to be unused until there are enough people to occupy them. These resources could have been used in other projects. Another reason due to which more regulations

Child and Young Person Development Essay Example for Free

Child and Young Person Development Essay 1) Describe, using the examples in the case study, the kinds of influences that affect children and young peoples development. Include examples from the family and childrens background, health and environment. (2.1) In the case study there are many influences that affect the children and young peoples development in the family; this can be because of the background of the family, the health and also the environment they live in. The mother and father were both in foster care when they were young, so they won’t have a motherly/fatherly figure to look up to when looking after their own children. Their fridge/freezer is broken so they can’t keep food fresh, so they will have to eat tinned food. The twins, Melody and Michael, were born 14 weeks premature so they will need all the nutrience they can get to help them grow and get healthy. The flat they all live in is crowded because there are 8 of them to share 3 bedrooms and a small lounge and kitchen. The lift in the flat is broken so the children cant go out to play and get exercise. Also when the lift isnt working the twins cannot attend the nursery, so they will not learn all the simple things you learn in nursery. The mother cannot leave the flat to shop for food, so they will have to eat less food for each meal to last them until she can get to the shops. Also their father cannot leave the flat because he has a severe disability and he has to stay in bed. He can’t even work because of it, and the mother cant work because she has to look after the children and Wayne too, so they have to live on benefits. Their flat is right next to an industrial estate where many chemicals are used; it is letting off all the chemicals and polluting the air. Therefore the children cant really go out anyway because of the polluted air, it will make them ill. Nigel, who is 7, has asthma and it gets worse when the weather is overcast. Also it doesnt help when the flat has damp patches everywhere that will make Nigels asthma worse. These are the influences that affect the children and young people’s development in the case study. 2) Describe, with examples, the importance of recognising and responding to concerns about children and young people’s  development. (2.2) It is important to recognise and to respond to concerns about children and young people’s development. To prevent a child or young person being neglected or in risk of harmful situations such as violence, drugs or alcohol misuse you can deliver early intervention. This is a support system for children with developmental disabilities or delays and their families. If someone recognises a child or young person getting hurt/abused by parents/family then they should respond to it by calling the social services. That way they can deal with the abuse, and take the child away from the family. Then the child couldn’t get hurt and they will be able to develop more. If you was a student and have a work placement at a nursery/ preschool and you notice that a child has bruises or is acting in a weird way, like being really quite than usual you may think that something is wrong. There are a couple of things you could do; you could ask the child if there is anything wrong if you get no answer then you could tell your supervisor or another member of staff. That way they could do something about it such as, they can ask the child what’s wrong or they could contact the parents. In the case study the family live in a flat right next to an industrial estate which is letting off lots of chemicals and polluting to air, and the children can’t go out to play because of that, it could make them really ill. The parents could go/talk to the council about getting a council house, and then the children can go out and play to get exercise to help them to develop. These are some ways of recognising and responding to concerns about children and young people’s development.

Rise of US to power during the 20th century Essay -- essays research p

The U.S. Rise   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were many factors that contributed to the United States’ rise and roles as a world power during the early 20th century. Presidential policies during this time period were the foundation of the U.S.’s role as a world power. The conflict in the Philippines was evidence of the U.S.’s ability to crush uprising and control a territory. The Spanish-American War demonstrates the U.S.’s role as a world power. Although the U.S. was only about a century old it’s influence drastically affected the whole world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Presidents during the 20th century developed and relied on many different policies involving foreign relations. President Roosevelt’s policy was â€Å"Speak softly and carry a big stick: you will go far.† He applied this African proverb in Latin American relations and acted as a sort of â€Å"international police officer.† Taft’s â€Å"Dollar Diplomacy† advised American businesses to invest wherever their products are sold. President Wilson believed that the U.S. was the champion democracy, and whenever the U.S. could instill democracy or help out, it should. This policy was called â€Å"Moral Diplomacy.† Presidential policies kept the U.S. involved in foreign affairs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After Commodore Dewey had captured the Philippines an uproar tested the power of the U.S. After debate, the U.S. decided to annex and hold off the independence that the Philippines had waited so long for. The U.S. used crue...

Education and Social Class Differences

What is the role of women in the story of Persepolis? Compare and contrast the various women in some detail using at least three examples: you might include Marji, her mother, her grandmother, her school teachers, the maid, the neighbors, or the guardians of the revolution. In the story of Persepolis, each female character had a designated role that they could not escape from. Marji's role was to show the reader how the Iranian Revolution truely affected her life.An example of this was when the government made it mandatory for all women to wear veils. Marji did not have a choice in the matter because she was young and had to abide by her parent's requests, but more so when she had to wear the veil to school and was stopped by the guardians of the revolution. Marji's mother's role was to support Marji and be there for her to express what she was feeling. However, her mother also had to make sure she was well off in her endevours.Her mother was much more direct and stern with Marji as compared to her grandmother. Her grandmother's role was also to support Marji, but she also tried to calm Marji by giving her words of wisdom, which included a slight insight to what has occurred in the past and some events that were once hidden from her. The maid in the household did not attempt to take on any of the roles of the females because her primary role to the reader was to show us the social class differences that existed within that society.She was nothing more than a maid who must know her place. The school teacher's role was held higher than that of the maid's role. The school teacher was there to educate all of the students, but part of this education was to ensure that all of the female students that were attending would wear their veils at all times because if they did not, the guardians of the revolution would have them arrested.

“Bisy Backson” representing Western Society Essay

In the novel, The Tao of Pooh we are introduced to â€Å"Bisy Backson† who represents the most misguided of Western Society, as well, we are shown that Western societal thinkers/philosophers/writers represent, in their own way, the Tao. â€Å"Bisy Backson† confuses exercise with work and activity with creativity. â€Å"The Bisy Backson is almost desperately active,† (p. 93) says Benjamin Hoff. He adds, â€Å"Let’s put it this way: if you want to be healthy, relaxed, and contented, just watch what a Bisy Backson does and then do the opposite.† Often, in Western Society, we focus on the final product before we have begun the journey. When Pooh considers what he likes best in the world, he decides the â€Å"†¦moment just before you begin to eat [honey]† was what he enjoys most. In effect, it is the journey, or the process, that we most enjoy. This, of course, goes against the typical person’s attitude toward a task, in Western Society. The goal is to get the task done (much like this journal assignment). The process is often seen as punitive. Pooh would say to enjoy the process – to see it as an opportunity to create, to develop, and, above all, to understand the central role of change and growth in life. Western societal thinkers/philosophers/writers represent, in their own way, the Tao, because†¦ actually, I do not think they represent Taoism, at all. Taoism, I think, is basically just to enjoy life in its simplest form, and not to worry too much – take life as a gift and just enjoy it. Again, I think. After reading this book, (I still have two or three more chapters to go†¦), I still cannot manage to understand a simple meaning of Taoism. I have looked on the internet, and it is nothing like P’u, because everything I have come across is all so complex. Anyway, if Taoism is that, Western societal thinkers/philosophers/writers do not represent it, at all! They question everything, want to know answers, and usually they question their own existence. Would someone who is†¦ someone like, Pooh, question their existence? I don’t think so. In addition, Western societal thinkers/philosophers/writers do not learn how they should question, they do not learn these theories, they do not learn about Taoism, they just merrily think and their answers of their questions may just so happen to fall under Taoism. They do not study Taoism to think like a Taoist. They do not read The Tao of Pooh, to learn about how they should think†¦ though many  philosophy courses, such as Theory of Knowledge, may be text based, which I find, is ironic. For direct reference to the text, â€Å"What does Christopher Robin do in the mornings? He learns. He becomes educated. He integrates†¦knowledge† Of course, all this said with some words capitalized for no reason, and other random words to get to the point. Philosophers do not learn, they teach themselves.

A Guide to Plankton

A Guide to Plankton Plankton is a general term for the floaters, the organisms in the ocean that drift with the currents. This includes zooplankton (animal plankton), phytoplankton (plankton that is capable of photosynthesis), and bacterioplankton (bacteria). Origin of the Word Plankton The word plankton comes from the Greek word planktos, which means wanderer or drifter. Plankton is the plural form. The singular form is plankter. Can Plankton Move? Plankton are at the mercy of the wind and the waves, but not all are completely immobile. Some types of plankton can swim, but only weakly or vertically in the water column. And not all plankton are tiny - jellyfish (sea jellies) are considered plankton. Types of Plankton Some marine life goes through a planktonic stage (called meroplankton) before they become frees of animals that have a meroplankton stage are corals, sea stars (starfish), mussels and lobster. Holoplankton are organisms that are plankton their entire lives. Examples include diatoms, dinoflagellates, salps, and krill. Plankton Size Groups Although most people think of plankton as microscopic animals, there are larger plankton. With their limited swimming capability, jellyfish are often referred to as the largest type of plankton. In addition to being categorized by life stages, plankton can be categorized into different groups based on size. These groups include: Femtoplankton - Organisms under 0.2 micrometers in size, e.g., virusesPicoplankton - Organisms 0.2 micrometer to 2 micrometers, e.g., bacteriaNanoplankton - Organisms 2-20 micrometers, e.g. phytoplankton and small zooplanktonMicroplankton - Organisms 20-200 micrometers, e.g., phytoplankton and small zooplanktonMesoplankton - Organisms 200 micrometers to 2 centimeters, e.g., phytoplankton and zooplankton such as copepods. At this size, the plankton are visible to the naked eye.Macroplankton - Organisms 2 centimeters to 20 centimeters, e.g., like ctenophores, salps, and amphipods.Megaplankton - Organisms over 20 centimeters, like jellyfish, ctenophores, and amphipods. The categories for the smallest plankton sizes were needed more recently than some others. It wasnt until the late 1970s that scientists had the equipment available to help them see the great number of planktonic bacteria and viruses in the ocean. Plankton and the Food Chain A plankton species place in the food chain depends on what type of plankton it is. Phytoplankton are autotrophs, so they make their own food and are producers. They are eaten by zooplankton, which are consumers.   Where Do Plankton Live? Plankton live in both freshwater and marine environments. Those that live in the ocean are found in both coastal and pelagic zones, and in a range of water temperatures, from tropical to polar waters. Plankton, As Used in a Sentence The copepod is a type of zooplankton and is a primary food for right whales. References and Further Information: Australian Museum. What Is Plankton?  Accessed October 31, 2015.Bigelow Laboratory. Cycling Through the Food Web.  Accessed October 31, 2015.Microbial Grazers Lab. Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole. Accessed October 31, 2015.

How to Throw an Unforgettable College Dorm Party

How to Throw an Unforgettable College Dorm Party One of the biggest rites of passage for college students is to throw a completely unforgettable college dorm party. What better way to celebrate an occasion or simply kick off some steam from the stresses of college than to let loose with your friends – and everyone else they brought along. If you’re strapped for ideas we’ve got you covered with the main essentials to throwing a party that no one will forget. Logistics Time The first thing you should be is pick a date and time that won’t interfere with anything else big on campus. For example, if there’s a huge bar crawl happening, don’t try to throw a party on the same night. Throwing a party as a go-to spot after a sporting event might be a good springboard for your party, but do your best not to conflict with other parties and events on campus. Promotion Next, start promoting! There’s no party without people. Grab your phone and make the call known on social media. Twitter, Instagram and Snapchat (if you haven’t deleted your app) are the best ways to reach classmates (because who uses Facebook anymore). Feel free to start a hashtag with your room number or address and post the deets to your story. If you’re not feeling an invite-yourself situation post and invite those interested to DM you so you can have more control over who shows up to your epic party. Guests Make sure you don’t just invite girls or guys, there needs to be a good mix of both so invite as many girls as you can because they always bring friends and do the same with guys. Gather up as many as possible. Speaking of who shows up, you’re going to get some randos and tag-a-longs. That comes with the territory of being an awesome party host. People will hear through the grapevine, someone will bring their besties from the next college over and that guy you vaguely remember from French 101 will show up and eat all the snacks. Be prepared for everything to balloon – in a good way. That’s why it’s a good idea to keep an eye on your maximum capacity. If you don’t want to get shut down before the fun begins keep an eye on how many people you can fit comfortable in your space and have a friend help you keeps tabs on how many partygoers walk through the door. Atmosphere Compile the World’s Greatest Playlist. That means all the hits, some cool new joints that only the music geeks know about and a few crowd favorites that will take you back to middle school dances. Choose a mix of songs that will get the crowd hype and some that give everyone a chance to relax and just bop to the beat. Also make sure that you save the best songs for the height of the party, you don’t wanna waste your best tunes on the beginning when people are just trickling in. Load Up on Snacks. After you’ve crafted the perfect playlist, it’s time to load up on snacks. Guests love to fulfill their hunger for the munchies with some light fair. You can never go wrong with chips and dip, popcorn, some microwave boneless wings, guac or even candy. Feeling creative? You can make small finger food like meatballs or spinach dip. For the more mature crowd with a sweet tooth try taking a bag of gummy bears and soaking them overnight in vodka or peach schnapps. Buzz and sweets? Sounds like a match made in heaven! Drinks And since we’re on the topic, it wouldn’t be a college party if someone didn’t bring the alcohol. You can make a punch with the alcohol of your choice and punch or simply have beers and shots for the crowd. Make sure you keep some in reserve so you can monitor how much is consumed and keep any underage guests from becoming inebriated. Grab plenty of plastic cups and shot glasses so you’re guests aren’t left having to drink out of the bottle and swapping germs. There’s no fun in that. And make sure you plan to have enough so everyone can achieve their desired buzz. Parties are no fun when someone gets blackout drunk and becomes ill or hurts themselves or others – but the best parties are the ones where everyone lets loose and has some fun. On the flip side, try to stay away from the drug scenetoo many stoned or high people can go bad quickly and kill the vibe of the party. Hosting Duties Let’s be honest, you’ll have a few wallflowers at your party initially, so make an effort to talk to everyone who shows upafter all they didn’t have to! Show your appreciation, even if you don’t know them or don’t think highly of them and introduce them to other people who can make them feel comfortable. Tell jokes, take song requests, make fun announcements, challenge guests to games, you name it! It’s your time to have some fun and push everyone to have fun with you. And once everyone’s let loose a bit everything will seem ten times as fun. Don’t be afraid to play a few games: Drinking games, giant Jenga, cards and more are fan favorites that will get your guests interacting and having fun. You may want to move the furniture around so no one knocks into your lamp and to leave room for people to mingle and dance if they choose. Designate a friend as a lookout/bouncer to keep the party from getting crashed or shut down early. If things get out of hand, this person can get things back in order so everyone still has fun. This person can also make sure the location doesn’t exceed it capacity or break any music rules. Have mixologist, you know that one friend or party guest who knows exactly how to mix drinks. Finally, enjoy yourself! Once the party’s going keep yourself present and emet new people, don’t put a lot of pressure on yourself and see where the night takes you. It won’t be long before everyone’s blowing up your inbox asking about the next party.

Profile of Serial Rapist and Killer Richard Ramirez, The Night Stalker

Profile of Serial Rapist and Killer Richard Ramirez, The Night Stalker Richard Ramirez, also known as Ricardo Leyva Muà ±oz Ramà ­rez, was a serial rapist and killer who operated in the Los Angeles and San Francisco areas from 1984 until his capture in August 1985. Dubbed the Night Stalker by the news media, Ramirez was one of the most vicious killers in U.S. history. Early Life of Richard Ramirez Ricardo Leyva, also known as Richard Ramirez, was born in El Paso, Texas, on February 28, 1960, to Julian and Mercedes Ramirez. Richard was the youngest child of six, epileptic, and described by his father as being a good boy, until his involvement with drugs. Ramirez admired his father, but at the age of 12, he found a new hero, his cousin Mike, a Vietnam veteran and ex-Green Beret. Mike, home from Vietnam, shared gruesome pictures of rape and human torture with Ramirez, who became fascinated with the pictorial brutality. The two spent a lot of time together, smoking pot and talking about war. On one such day, Mikes wife began to complain about her husbands laziness. Mikes reaction was to kill her by shooting her in the face, in front of Richard. He was sentenced to seven years for the murder Drugs, Candy and Satanism: By the age of 18, Richard was a habitual drug user and chronic candy eater, resulting in tooth decay and extreme halitosis. He also became involved in Satan worshipping and his general poor appearance enhanced his satanic persona. Already arrested on numerous drug and theft charges, Ramirez decided to move to southern California. There he advanced from simple theft to burglarizing homes. He became very proficient at it and eventually started to linger in the homes of his victims. On June 28, 1984, his burglaries turned into something far eviler. Ramirez entered through an opened window of Glassel Park resident, Jennie Vincow, age 79. According to Philip Carlos book, The Night Stalker, he became angry after not finding anything of value to steal, and began stabbing the sleeping Vincow, eventually slitting her throat. The act of killing aroused him sexually, and he had sex with the corpse before leaving. Savored Memories Fade: Ramirez remained quiet for eight months, but the memory he savored of his last killing had run dry. He needed more. On March 17, 1985, Ramirez jumped 22-year-old Angela Barrio outside her condo. He shot her, kicked her out of the way, and headed into her condo. Inside, was her  roommate, Dayle Okazaki, age 34, who Ramirez immediately shot and killed. Barrio remained alive out of pure luck. The bullet had ricocheted off the keys she held in her hands, as she lifted them to protect herself. Within an hour of killing Okazaki, Ramirez struck again in Monterey Park. He jumped 30-year-old Tsai-Lian Yu and pulled her out of her car onto the road. He shot several bullets into her and fled. A policeman found her still breathing, but she died before the ambulance arrived. Ramirezs thirst was not quenched. He then murdered an eight-year-old girl from Eagle Rock, just three days after killing Tsai-Lian Yu. Post-mortem Mutilations Become His Mark: On March 27, Ramirez shot Vincent Zazarra, age 64, and his wife Maxine, age 44. Mrs. Zazzaras body was mutilated with several stab wounds, a T-carving on her left breast, and her eyes were gouged out. The autopsy determined that the mutilations were post-mortem. Ramirez left footprints in the flower beds, which the police photographed and cast. Bullets found at the scene were matched to those found at previous attacks, and the police realized a serial killer was on the loose. Two months after killing the Zazzara couple, Ramirez attacked again. Harold Wu, age 66, was shot in the head, and his wife, Jean Wu, age 63, was punched, bound, and then violently raped. For unknown reasons, Ramirez decided to let her live. Ramirezs attacks were now in full throttle. He left behind more clues to his identity and was named, The Night Stalker, by the media. Those who survived his attacks provided the police with a description - Hispanic, long dark hair, and foul smelling. Pentagrams Found at the Crime Scene: On May 29, 1985, Ramirez attacked Malvial Keller, 83, and her invalid sister, Blanche Wolfe, 80, beating each with a hammer. Ramirez attempted to rape Keller, but failed. Using lipstick, he drew a pentagram on Kellers thigh and the wall in the bedroom. Blanche survived the attack. The next day, Ruth Wilson, 41, was bound, raped, and sodomized by Ramirez, while her 12-year old son was locked in a closet. Ramirez slashed Wilson once, and then bound her and her son together, and left. Ramirezs was like a savage animal as he continued raping and killing throughout 1985. The victims included: June 27, 1985 - Ramirez raped a 6-year-old girl in Acadia.June 28, 1985 - Patty Higgins, age 32, was beaten and her throat slit.July 2, 1985 - Mary Cannon, age 75, was beaten and her throat slit.July 5, 1985 - Deidre Palmer, age 16, survived being beaten with a tire iron.July 7, 1985 - Joyce Lucille Nelson, 61, was bludgeoned to death.July 7, 1985 - Linda Fortuna, 63, was attacked and Ramirez tried to rape her, but failed.July 20, 1985 - Maxson Kneiling, 66, and his wife Lela, also 66, were shot and their corpses, mutilated.July 20, 1985 - Chitat Assawahem, 31, was shot and his wife Sakima, 29, was beaten then forced to perform oral sex. Ramirez then collected $30,000 in valuables, but before leaving, he sodomized the couples eight-year-old son.August 6, 1985 - Ramirez shot both Christopher Petersen, 38, and his wife, Virginia, 27, in the head. Both somehow survived.August 8, 1985 - Ramirez shot Ahmed Zia, 35, and raped and sodomized his wife, Suu Kyi, 28, and forced her to perform o ral sex on him. Bill  Carns and Inez Erickson On Aug. 24, 1985, Ramirez traveled 50 miles south of Los Angeles and broke into the home of Bill Carns, 29, and his fiancà ©e, Inez Erickson, 27. Ramirez shot Carns in the head and raped Erickson. He demanded she swear her love for Satan and afterward, forced her to perform oral sex on him. He then tied her and left. Erickson struggled to the window and saw the car Ramirez was driving. A teenager wrote down the license plate number of the same car, after noticing it cruising suspiciously in the neighborhood. The information from Erickson and the young man enabled police to locate the abandoned car and get fingerprints from inside. A computer match was made of the prints, and identification of the Night Stalker became known. On August 30, 1985, the arrest warrant for Richard Ramirez was issued and his picture released to the public. Next The End of the Night Stalker - Richard Ramirez   Sources Carlo, Philip. The Night Stalker: The Life and Crimes of Richard Ramirez. Reprint edition, Citadel, August 30, 2016. Hare, Robert D. Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us. 1 edition, The Guilford Press, January 8, 1999.

Accounting for Defined-Benefit Schemes under IAS 19, Segmental Research Paper

Accounting for Defined-Benefit Schemes under IAS 19, Segmental Reporting - Research Paper Example There were some recent changes made in IAS 19 during June 2011 by the IASB and it has a significant impact on the accounting procedures to be followed by the entities regarding defined benefit schemes in the form of pension funds. The time was just right for these changes to take place because it was long awaited by people for IASB to make such changes. One of such change in the accounting of defined benefit plans is the recognition of changes in pension-related liabilities or assets to the immediate effect. Only Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) will include the actuarial profit or loss of an entity now. Previously there was another option of including such profit or loss in the income statement or making use of corridor approach by allowing deferred recognition of such profits and losses. This change can have a significant effect on the entities using the corridor approach by increasing the volatility in its balance sheets. The recent revision of IAS 19 reduces the complexity regarding the requirement of different accounting treatments to be followed in case of amendments in the plan or its curtailment. The accounting treatment of service costs in past whether it is vested or unvested is now aligned together. Costs related to defined benefit schemes are now required to be segregated into three different components, namely, service costs which should be presented in profit and loss statement, finance cost which includes the net interest of liability of defined benefit schemes and re-measurements that are to be included in OCI.

Freedom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Freedom - Essay Example As a lawyer, John also had an impact in his hometown where he presided over the other lawyers as the Lord of Suffolk; however, it was not until 1629 when he decided to join the Massachusetts Bay Company after the king initiated the suppression of unconventional religion. Nonetheless, he figured out that the only way he could make an impact was if he was part of the government, leading to his election as the governor (Winthrop, 1). Appreciably, the dictatorial atmosphere in government and religion has a vast impact on the neighbors of Massachusetts; naturally, the formation of most of them resulted from the act of rebellion from the people against the ruling of the elders. A few years before his death, Winthrop gave a speech in one of the major courts challenging the government to fighting corruption and upholding justice as a foundation for the general welfare for all the people. After his death, Jon, Winthrop’s son, discovered a journal that he had been keeping for twenty yea rs prior to his demise; nonetheless, this was among the many historical accounts that he put in writing and that have an impact on politicians in the modern world. Nathaniel Bacon’s opposition of William Berkley’s way of ruling led to the historical Bacon’s Rebellion, which was among the few that had powerful armory; however, Bacon’s basis for the rebellion is understandable especially with the disorganization and multiple criticisms about the administrative procedures ((Kelly, 1). Moreover, Berkley enforced restrictions on trade warning people against selling their commodities to neighboring communities. These were core motivators, especially after people tried consulting him on the matter without him reacting or upholding their rights. Led by Nathaniel, the people of Virginia armed themselves set to attacking Berkley and his people that he supported so much. Just like John Winthrop, Anne was also a

Buddhism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Buddhism - Research Paper Example His followers believe him to have become an enlightened person who knew about the subtle realities of life and discovered that the reason there exists suffering is due to a constant desire to either crave for something or avert something (Ba Khin & Confalonieri, 1999, 168). According to the Buddha, if one took control of such desires completely, one would end his suffering and become awakened and would have reached the state known as nirvana (Ba Khin & Confalonieri, 1999, 168). This brings me to my research statement which would be to discover whether Buddhism seems to revolve around the life and teachings of the Buddha alone or the ultimate end of suffering by controlling craving and ignorance is the main motive of following this religion? Since Buddhism took shape from Asia it still remains to garner the most following from this part of the world, however it is observed to be practiced the world over. It is not easy to estimate the number of Buddhists currently in the whole world s ince it is practiced differently in some parts of the world. Since at the time of the Buddha there were no methods to write, all the teachings of the Buddha were memorized and passed down through disciples and followers. Later on the teachings were gathered and written down. Due to this fact, different schools of thought in Buddhism differ on the perfect formula to attain liberation from the suffering of the world, the authenticity of various teachings and scriptures as well as ensuing practices? Three basic pillars serve as the foundation of Buddhist teachings and are known as the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community) (Kozak, 2011, 66). All Buddhists need to follow and adhere by the three jewels and their religion is considered incomplete without fully adhering to these concepts. Other practices may include renouncing the material world to follow on the path of their founder, and developing mindfulness of their surroundings through the practice of meditation. 2. Life of the Buddha According to various narratives, Siddhartha Gautama was a young prince about whom an astrologer once prophesized that he would renounce worldly lifestyle to become a holy man, if he saw life outside his palace (Zamosky, 2007, 7). In an attempt to avert this, his father the king, prevented his son from leaving until Siddhartha Gautama finally ventured out of the palace at the age of 29 and saw the suffering outside his palatial life (Zamosky, 2007, 8). His encounters made him abandon royal life and set out to discover spirituality. He soon found out that craving for something or the other was the main cause of suffering in humans, thus when this cause know as ‘craving’ is controlled, so is suffering. 3. Causes of Suffering and its Solution a. The Four Noble Truths According to various historians, the ‘Four Noble Truths’ were one of the primary teachings imparted by Gautama Buddha to his disciples after he had re ached Nirvana. On close observation it becomes apparent that they contain the same theme located in the Buddha's teachings: Everyone encounters suffering in life in one way or another. Craving for something is the desire to become happy with the acquisition of that thing. Another version of craving is when you seek to avoid something and that is known as aversion. Both craving and aversion lead to eventual suffering. The only way to end suffering is to stop

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Philosophy - Essay Example For this argument to proceed Aquinas’s idea is that human beings have to think of something as an effects of God and in the fourth way of argument, this thing is the best effect of God The understanding of the Aquinas’s arguments for the existence of god therefore begins with the analysis of his gradation criteria. He talks about good, better, and best. He finds some things to be â€Å"better†, true, and noble while others are less good, true or noble respectively (Elders, 114). In this way of argument, it is difficult to integrate his arguments especially when it comes to this kind of comparison. Many philosophers and researchers have questioned his arguments asking questions. For example if comparing two or more things, then you say that A is better than B, is Aquinas trying to assert that there is something better compared to the two and many others whose perfection cannot be challenged? This forms the basis for criticisms of the Aquinas fourth argument. The c hallenge here is to prove that there is actually something that is perfect beyond improvement. However as observed by Soccio (228), it would be misleading to argue that given a number of things with different degrees of goodness, there is one among those things that would not be possible to make any changes with regard to improving it. In other words, he asserts that there is no point believing Aquinas’s idea that there is something perfect beyond improvement. It therefore forms the weaker point of the Aquinas arguments since he believes that if we have to group different things together, yes we will have some of the best things, however, it would still be possible to improve that thing with regard to the degree of goodness. It is also possible to improve better to become better than the best. Another critic of Aquinas’s fourth way of argument is that he describes God in a sequence of being best among a group but denies later in the proceeding metaphors that he cannot group him in a group of the same kinds. In the next lines, he states that he does not think of God as the best or a group of things that can be graded together with respect to intelligent (Soccio, 230). The question therefore is; how can you compare things as good, better and best or truer, nobler, etc if in the first place you can’t group them together or they are not similar? In this way, it does not explain or describe the truth about the existence of God in this fourth way of argument because it is not clear. While Aquinas describes the effects, it is also important to note that we can only compare things with similar characteristics but God has no characteristics similar to any as he explains. However other philosophers have argued that this use of parallel texts is not misleading but it is misinterpreted by the individual’s readers of the Aquinas texts. According to Wippel (469), the perfections mentioned by the Aquinas are the transcendental perfections. In this context the interpretation of things like the â€Å"more† or less do not necessarily mean that the arguments are based on the things that are perceived by the senses and known by the intellect. In this point of view, the true of the text does not refer to the logical truth of intellect but to the ontological truth of things. With this regard, it is

PESTLE analysis for the LUKoil company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

PESTLE analysis for the LUKoil company - Essay Example Theoretical view of LUKOIL In monitoring of the company’s macro-environmental or external marketing factors, the analysis would help in shedding light on some of the factors that have an impact on Lukoil Company. As a major market player, Lukoil Company operates through four operating segments. These are the exploration and production part, the process of refining, Marketing and Distribution, chemicals segment, and power generation segment (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 2003, p. 23). This comes through exploration of natural resources in order to produce crude oil and natural gas. The expansion of this company extends its interests in operational zones by holding properties in Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, South America, South East Asia, the Middle East, and North and western Africa (Kotok & Sciarretta 2010, p. 78). The success of Lukoil depends on its versatility to navigate the political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors surrounding its operations, since it is an international corporation cutting across the business world. PESTEL ANALYSIS Political and Economical factors The political factors stem from the extend of the government’s policies in intervening the economy by either through political stability or instability, foreign trade, tax policy, labour laws, in addition, trade restriction. Since Lukoil is an international corporation, its operation, and success cut through many political realms and may certainly influence how the company does business (International Business Publications, USA 2011, p. 23). It is therefore the mandate of the Lukoil Company to respond to the current and potential legislations in order to adjust their market policy accordingly. The profitability of Lukoil Company largely relies on its economic factors (Plunkett 2008, p. 120). There are macro-economical factors like economic growth, interest rates, inflation, and disposal income of consumers, exch ange rates, and businesses. The oil product profits and losses that this company derives from diverse contexts of its markets come with the way the management of demand goes on in the respective economies of operation. This varies, as different countries especially in the East, cannot compare their economy with countries of the West like USA. How well Lukoil adjusts itself to the governments’ mechanism such as interest rate control, taxation policy and government expenditure determines their gain or loss in the economies of investments. Social and Technological factors There are also social cultural factors in the regions with the highest Lukoil investment, which influence a lot on its operations. Many regions have different beliefs, and shared attitudes within their population. Compare the social factors of Eastern Europe and those of East and South Asia and this would culminate in the way the consumption of products do range of different contexts (Marinova & Marinov 2003, p . 104). The large influence of this will depend on the region’s population growth, health consciousness, age distribution, and career aptitude. The marketers of Lukoil have no choice other than understand their global customers and their preferences. The way Lukoil markets its products have to

Health Care Informatics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Health Care Informatics - Research Paper Example It requires ample data related to the patient’s condition both before and during the illness to assess a near interpretation of the disease. Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDDSS) exceptionally fulfils the data requirement for optimum diagnosis. However, the problem to be solved originates in the minds of the clinician or health care personnel and a DSS could not be expected to lead direct to a confirmed conclusion. But the DSS are designed chiefly to avoid gross anomaly in diagnosis due to variance in expertise among clinicians. Thus Decision Support Systems facilitate potential reconciliation of one group of information with other. A refined definition of DSS is hence put as: A computer – based algorithm that assists a clinician with one or more component steps of diagnostic process. (Eta S.Berner, 1999) The term DSS is commonly construed as computer based system, since the micro views of clinical settings are generally contained within the perspectives of data bases, model bases, knowledge bases and graphical user interface. However, the broader view of clinical setting is provided by system wide organisational perspective. In view of effective organisational management, the health industry has absorbed and created a virtual dependency on automation, making the usefulness and applicability of computers inevitable. (Joseph K.H. Tan et al, 1998) Technological developments emerge as a result of innovation. The cult of innovation, although is universally recognised and accepted by virtue of its novelty at its core, the power of innovation is typically uncoiled at the intersection of three components namely, innovation, creativity and environment. (Barbara A. Blakeney et al, 2009). The authors of this article have well established their notion on innovation by delineating two different models of innovation: User-driven innovation & Disruptive innovation. The team

PESTLE analysis for the LUKoil company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

PESTLE analysis for the LUKoil company - Essay Example Theoretical view of LUKOIL In monitoring of the company’s macro-environmental or external marketing factors, the analysis would help in shedding light on some of the factors that have an impact on Lukoil Company. As a major market player, Lukoil Company operates through four operating segments. These are the exploration and production part, the process of refining, Marketing and Distribution, chemicals segment, and power generation segment (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 2003, p. 23). This comes through exploration of natural resources in order to produce crude oil and natural gas. The expansion of this company extends its interests in operational zones by holding properties in Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, South America, South East Asia, the Middle East, and North and western Africa (Kotok & Sciarretta 2010, p. 78). The success of Lukoil depends on its versatility to navigate the political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors surrounding its operations, since it is an international corporation cutting across the business world. PESTEL ANALYSIS Political and Economical factors The political factors stem from the extend of the government’s policies in intervening the economy by either through political stability or instability, foreign trade, tax policy, labour laws, in addition, trade restriction. Since Lukoil is an international corporation, its operation, and success cut through many political realms and may certainly influence how the company does business (International Business Publications, USA 2011, p. 23). It is therefore the mandate of the Lukoil Company to respond to the current and potential legislations in order to adjust their market policy accordingly. The profitability of Lukoil Company largely relies on its economic factors (Plunkett 2008, p. 120). There are macro-economical factors like economic growth, interest rates, inflation, and disposal income of consumers, exch ange rates, and businesses. The oil product profits and losses that this company derives from diverse contexts of its markets come with the way the management of demand goes on in the respective economies of operation. This varies, as different countries especially in the East, cannot compare their economy with countries of the West like USA. How well Lukoil adjusts itself to the governments’ mechanism such as interest rate control, taxation policy and government expenditure determines their gain or loss in the economies of investments. Social and Technological factors There are also social cultural factors in the regions with the highest Lukoil investment, which influence a lot on its operations. Many regions have different beliefs, and shared attitudes within their population. Compare the social factors of Eastern Europe and those of East and South Asia and this would culminate in the way the consumption of products do range of different contexts (Marinova & Marinov 2003, p . 104). The large influence of this will depend on the region’s population growth, health consciousness, age distribution, and career aptitude. The marketers of Lukoil have no choice other than understand their global customers and their preferences. The way Lukoil markets its products have to

Discussion Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Discussion - Coursework Example In addition, it is better than the parole because statements are allowed at the sentencing hearing. During reporting, the victim impact statements are to be incorporated in the pre-sentence report. Although the statements should be either written or oral, there is room for videotape, audiotape, or any other electronic device. This gives great opportunities for the victim to provide information to the court. The parole board does not guarantee a persons release when summoned for the board scrutiny. The person must be reviewed, and the board must find him worthy being among the people in the society. They are very particular on information concerning the inmate, which range from personal to communal interrelationship. The board must consider the age, mental stability, and remorse for the offence. If an offender agrees to the terms, of these three, they are checked further on the conduct during incarceration, and the time served on the current offence. Lastly, the board confirms on the rehabilitative progress, and guarantees the offender freedom if they have passed all those

Euthanasia Argued with Utilitarianism Essay Example for Free

Euthanasia Argued with Utilitarianism Essay â€Å"The term euthanasia originated from the Greek word for ‘good death’. It is the act or practice of ending the life of a person either by lethal injection or the suspension of medical treatment. Because of this many view euthanasia as simply bringing relief by alleviating pain and suffering† (1). I strongly agree in legalizing euthanasia in our society, and I will be applying the ethical doctrine Utilitarianism to defend my case. Euthanasia minimizes the suffering that affects those involved. Euthanasia is already legal in Holland, Luxembourg and Belgium, and permitted in Switzerland if performed by a non-doctor. In the US, the State of Washington, Montana, and Oregon have already passed laws in support of euthanasia while a recent Gallop poll finds that the vast majority of Americans continue to support right-to-die laws for terminally ill patients. The following benefits to legalizing euthanasia are: patients’ are saved from unwanted suffering, free up the nurses and doctors time for savable patients, vital organs can be saved, allowing doctors to save the lives of others, and health care cost would be reduced. Certain diseases are incurable and result in a slow agonizing death. What is the purpose to suffer endlessly till the body gives out? Imagine what it would be like to spend six months, or more, vomiting, coughing, enduring pain spasms, and suffering psychologically as well. Would it not minimize suffering, for the patient and the family and friends involved, to give the patient the option to say when they had enough? Patients can die with dignity rather than have the illness reduce them to a shell of their former selves, and lessen the suffering of their family and friends. I also believe the right to die should be a fundamental freedom of each person. Nowhere in the constitution does it imply that the government has the right to keep a person from committing suicide. After all, if the patient and the family agree its what they want to do, whose business is it anyway? Who else is it going to hurt? In a country thats supposedly free, this should be a fundamental right. Furthermore, we face a critical shortage of medical staff in this country right now, especially nurses. Recent studies from the pass five year have confirmed the obvious, that understaffed hospitals make more mistakes and provide lesser quality care. This when considered under the utilitarian doctrine is immoral because it contributes to the overall utility that maximizes the suffering, and the moral goal is to maximize the good overall. Things are only going to get worse as the baby boom generation gets older and life spans increase. Being more productive with the nurses and doctors time, the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people can be achieve, because the quality of care will increase and many lives can be saved with the time that was freed up. In addition to increasing the quality of care in hospitals, Vital organs can also be saved, allowing doctors to save the lives of others. Euthanasia allows physicians to preserve vital organs that can be donated to others, assuming the patients are organ donors. People in need of organ transplants have long waiting lists to look forward to; for hearts, kidneys, livers, and other organs that are necessary to save the lives of people who can be saved. However, if certain diseases are allowed to run their full course, the organs may weaken or cease to function altogether. Once again, we have to put the needs of the ‘living’ ahead of the needs of the ‘dying’. Finally, healthcare costs will be reduced, which will in turn lower insurance premiums. Consider the huge cost of keeping a dying patient alive for several months. You must pay for x-rays, lab tests, drugs, medical staff salaries, etc. The overall net worth is monstrously high. It is not unheard of for medical costs to equal $50,000-100,000 to keep some patients alive. We have to ask ourselves, is this the best way to spend our money when the patient himself would like to die? Wouldnt the money be better spent on the patients that can be saved? Also, consider the drag on a dying patients net worth. Most people want to be able to leave their children and grandchildren with something when they die. Medical costs eat into that estate. As Medicare, and other government programs accelerate the US towards bankruptcy, anything that causes a decrease in total costs must be brought forward for consideration. In conclusion, Euthanasia minimizes the suffering that affects those involved, and should be universally legalized in the US. As I mentioned before patients can die with dignity rather than have the illness reduce them to a shell of their former selves, and lessen the suffering of their family and friends. We can free up the nurses and doctors time for savable patients , and euthanasia allows physicians to preserve vital organs that can be donated to others. Healthcare costs will be reduced, which will in turn lower insurance premiums.

The Power of Words Essay -- Language

"The picture he had of the city was reduced to what she said of it, and finally it was her speech alone that could call up and protect that picture. †©He †©came †©to †©the†© conclusion †©that, †©once†© abandoned †©by†© words, †©the †©city†© would †©fall †©into†© ruins.† — Abdekelkebir †©Khatibi, †©Love†© in †©Two†© Languages Words are very powerful things, they are not simply just letters written on a sheet of paper; they can inspire, motivate, and evoke certain emotions. Think of your favorite songs and realize that the lyrics can bring joy, happiness, sadness, depression, loneliness, longing, or any emotion imaginable to others based on their own personal experiences. Dave Matthews’ song lyrics for â€Å"Funny The Way It Is† are able to capture this phenomenon when he says, â€Å"Funny the way it is, Whether right or wrong, Somebody's heart is broken, And it becomes your favorite song† (â€Å"Pandora† np). Examples of the pure power of words have been shown throughout mankind’s history. Many great leaders such as Jesus Christ, Martin Luther King Jr., Abraham Lincoln, and even our current president, President Obama, used words to influence, motivate, and encourage their followers in positive ways. Authors in literature have recognized this trend and use powerful sayi ngs or words to intensify their plot and to evoke specific emotions from their audience. â€Å"Timshel† or â€Å"thou mayest† was a reoccurring word in John Steinbeck’s fictional novel East of Eden, their was a struggle or contemplation of the exact translation that was parallel to the theme of good vs. evil found throughout the three generations of brothers (Steinbeck np). This one word meant redemption, forgiveness, and liberation all at once. Another example of the power of words in literature is in Co... ...om/kiterun.htm>. Hosseini, Khaled. The Kite Runner. New York City : Penguin Group, 2003. "Martin Luther King's 'I have a dream' Speech". Syque. June 6, 2010 . McCarthy, Cormac. The Road. New York City : Alfred A. Knopf, 2006. "Pandora". Pandora Media Inc.. June 6, 2010 . SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on East of Eden.† SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2003. WAccessed: 2 Jun. 2010. SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on The Kite Runner.† SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2010. Accessed: 2 Jun. 2010. Steinbeck, John. East of Eden. New York City : Penguin Group,1952. "The Road". Wikipedia. June 6, 2010 . "The Story of Cain and Abel". DLTK's Growing Together. June 6, 2010 .

Escalating Professional Athlete Salaries Essay -- Papers Sports Money

Escalating Professional Athlete Salaries Works Cited Not Included In recent years, with the growing popularity of sports, athletes salaries have escalated like that of a superb stock equity. Athletes are taking full advantage of their position, causing the average man to wonder how high will they go. Some feel that athletes are greedy people who have lost care for the true meaning of their salary, the love of the game. Others feel that if a person is able to earn that kind of money, why shouldn't they? Increases in athlete salaries will bring up the question on whether athletes are worth the money by researching the NBA?s new collective bargaining agreement (before and after the approval), by observing the current salaries of top athletes in their respective sports, and by concocting possible solutions. Shaquille O?Neal, formerly of the Orlando Magic, signed almost two years ago with the Los Angeles Lakers for an enormous $120 million over seven seasons.... Alonzo Mourning signed with the Miami Heat for a seven year deal worth about $112 million.... These fat contracts have brought out the question: Are pro athletes worth the millions they are paid? Basketball Hall of Famer David Thompson states, "Players have such a short time to make their money. If you look at others in the entertainment business, you?d think so. Look at Mike Tyson. He made $30 million for the six minutes and 50 seconds i t took for him to knockout Frank Bruno" (Rhodes and Reibstein 44). Zachary M. Jones, an attorney at Howard University in Washington D.C., utters, "Superstar athletes are few in number, so the demand is high, which raises the price for their services significantly" (Saporito 61). Furthermore, Mark Rosen, who has been a spor... ...s worth far more." Certainly a 22 year old kid can live on $126 million quite alright. Before doing an in-depth analysis of pro sports salaries, one ignorant person would conclude that these salaries are way too high. However, sports salaries are "okay" to be enormous. This is because high salaries show that the economy and basketball revenue are up, because that is where the owners get the money to pay the athletes. After Glen Taylor signed upcoming superstar Kevin Garnett, season ticket sales went soaring. Finally, if a player is allowed to make the money, why is it such a bad thing? More power to them. Yet athletes should be satisfied with their current salary status. As you can very well see, salaries have risen to unbearable heights, yet it is inevitable. With the economy as it is who knows when it will begin to level off. All we can do is sit back and watch.

Roman and Early Christian Architecture

Explain the techniques used by roman architects and describe the types of buildings they created. Use examples to support your essay. The building techniques the Roman architects used were the arches and domes. They were very skilled at building with bricks and stones. These materials helped them develop new roof forms. To create arches they used wedge-shaped stones or bricks called vigorous. They placed the narrow ends on the inside of the arch and the wide ends on the outside. The Romans typically used round or pointed arches to span openings n walls or to support heavy roofs.One of the arch buildings they created was the Arch of Constantine. It is the latest triumphal arch in Rome. It was also the largest setup in Rome since the end of the Severna dynasty. Much of the decorations provided were from earlier monuments of Trojan, Hadrian, and Marcus Tutorials. They included the heads of the earlier emperors. The Pantheon was the dome creation. This was the Temple of all Gods. The dom e of the Pantheon is 142 feet high. It provides light entering through a central opening to the sky.Pantheon's dome is still the world's largest unrecorded concrete dome to this date. Sanitaria, G. M. (2011, September). Roman architecture. Retrieved from http:// www. Marilynn. Com/ancient Rome/roman architecture. HTML 2. What features did Early Christian architects take from Roman builders, and what new techniques did they develop? Discuss specific features from three buildings. The features that the Early Christian architects took from Roman builders were the arches and domes. But with new techniques they developed such as the flying turrets.For example the Old Saint Peter church resembled Roman basilicas. It had a wide central nave with side aisles and an apse at the end. Unlike Roman basilicas, instead of doorways on one long side opening onto an aisle, they had an obvious long axis opening. When the worshipers arrived in Saint Peters nave, they were able to view the altar in the apse, framed by the chancel arch dividing the nave from the transept. Santa Sabina is another basilicas church. It is famed for its 5th-century wooden doors that have biblical scenes carved in them.It also has 24 columns of marble completely coordinated with Corinthian columns and bases. The spandrels of the arches have decorative marble designs in green and purple to represent the Eucharist. The Santa Stanza Church design was along the favorite of the Western Christian world. One of the most important historical aspects of Santa Stanza were the use of Apses and Central Dome which give prime examples of early Christian art and architecture. Klein, F. S. Gardener's Art Through the Ages; The Western Perspective. Fourth teen Edition.

Political Corruption Essay

Greetings and good morning to all of you. My speech today will address the topic on corruption and mainly the corrupted political system of India. After many years of ceaseless struggle for freedom, India gained it’s independence in the year 1947 at the cost of some brave and noble lives whom we still remember and pay our tributes to on the memorable days of India’s fight to freedom. Our dignified leaders with a team of members over a series of studies and meetings drafted, the Indian Constitution, in which every citizen has an equal standing before the law and this came into effect on January 26th 1950. After having come so far where does India stand today with relevance to equality for citizens. Everything in this era revolves around the decisions made by powerful people in society, particularly politicians resorting to misuse power for their personal gain and today’s India does not reflect the same spirit of our faithful leaders. The influence of money has crept into our society and corruption has become so common a thing that people have come in terms with this social evil. Be it politics, sports, media, or court, anything seems to be achievable in India if you have fame and money while the less privileged experience the hard hand of law thus depriving citizens of their rights to equality. This kind of fraudulency over a period of time thwarts a person’s morals and ethics, consequently leading to the nation’s intolerance against its leaders and outbursts of mass protests dragging a nation to agitation, confusion, social disorder and on top of these, innocent lives being sacrificed for the wrong deeds of a despotic leader. As we all know Egypt and other countries like Libya and Yemen had witnessed this kind of tumultuous protests and as we all know gruesome fights against the corrupted government are still ongoing in Syria. It’s time that the citizens of India wake up and join hands with anti-corruption crusaders like the 72 year old Gandhian, Anna Hazare, an Indian social activist who led movements to promote rural development, increase government transparency, and investigate and punish official corruption and he pressed to pass the ‘Jan Lokpal Bill’. This is a bill that aims to change the way India tackles corruption. We should be determined not to allow corruption cripple our resourceful nation and tamper the economic growth of our country anymore. We children who are India’s future need to strongly value the good morals taught in homes and schools and strongly abide by them and fight towards a clean system and strive in every small way to bring about a change in this social evil. It is not an easy road and we as individuals can participate in this struggle by beginning to say NO to bribes. Dear friends, finally let me encourage you all to live by our motto â€Å"Lead kindly light† and radiate the values of life by our education and who knows we could probably be the future bearers of these offices that will pave way to be an exemplar of an ideal leader.

Lecture Notes on Modernism and other ‘isms’

Is a shorthand for the seemingly complex array of ideas and theories that surround art and design as a socially and culturally located practice. With many of these ideas it is difficult to find a starting point, and a lot of these terms have superseded one another or are in conflict in some way. There is no real chronology of these ideas, In fact, a linear approach to these Ideas Is probably misleading. 2. These different ways of formatting knowledge are prevalent in visual culture and art and sign.They are what followers of the French philosopher Gilles Delude might describe as ‘reading machines' or a tool kit for examining the world of Ideas, concepts that shape our lives. 3. They are ways of modeling the world as well as being lenses through which we view our surroundings, the ideas, habits, concepts and histories that make up a culture or society. Ways of thinking Like this provide critical positions from which we organism these seemingly chaotic or impractically complex su rroundings. 4.The following list is by no means exhaustive but I hope that in some says what will become apparent are the different ways that people try to make sense of their subject (Graphic design or illustration), their discipline (art, art and design, applied art, visual communication, visual culture) and the wider world (society, political systems, culture, difference, power etc). 5. These Ideas can often provide insight, comfort and / or revelation to the adherents, but they can also impose dogma, inflexibility and / or a predictable response.Think of the different approaches almost as a set of tools that can be used to strip down the engine of history. 6. My respective on this, and one I think I share with everyone here, is the perspective of the practitioner. 7. Whether the concepts here are familiar or entirely new, what I ask all of you to do Is re-talk these Ideas Interns of how they might relate to each another and to your practice, your practical research and your writ ten work for this module. 8. We will begin to consider race, gender, class, sexuality, in themselves, and as ways of as ways of reading or seeing cultural material. . As we go through the material that you are presented with, you should also try to think of an original idea o research for the essay that you will be writing for the end of the semester. These Ideas may also respond to some more fundamental questions that you may already have about things in general. 10. Modernism. Historical, grand narrative, about progress and humanism. We know modern art, but the first use of the word modern was used In the time of the Emperor Charlemagne In about DADA. 11.The enlightenment in the ICC is the beginning of what we would call ‘modern' with science, the beginnings of industry, rationalism and a belief in progress taking over from a superstition and subsistence. Western values, from the equals-holocaust trope of the 300 (battle of Thermopile) seen as defense of West against East. 1 2. Michael Gave represents English kings model of linear history, Paolo Ferrier educational theorist against this banking model of education. 13. Narrative of the thread of history often still dominant in public discourse. 4. Challenge the idea that to know anything you need to know its entire history. Be wary of this, as it takes up a lot of issues, practices etc. Than to attempt a rambling second hand history that is largely in the public domain anyway, linear history, progress. 15. The ideas and principles of modernism are fundamental to the development of capitalism and the free market. 16. Modernist literature, high modernism, Joyce, Becket, Ezra Pound, Sentiment, De Still, Bauhaus, modern art. 17. Intellectuality – texts' refer to one another.Some would argue that this period of modernism was the high water mark of Western culture, and that we are already going down hill fast. 18. Cultural reproduction. Social and cultural basis for all of the definitions of what we con sider to be of value or what can be classified as art. What we do here at college is a form of cultural reproduction, mom things are taught, some aren't. Some things you learn (by choice) some you don't. We all do this to some extent. 19. It is important to understand these habits and to challenge or break them.Habits in making, thinking and acting can be unnecessarily restrictive 20. Orientation – a kind of patronizing beatifications of the East, or the non – West by the West. Edward Said, post – colonialism. Slavery and Liverpool. The image of slavery, architecture, visual evidence in buildings, street names etc. Liverpool wealth comes in a large part from the slave trade. Liverpool and Bristol. Can this still be seen? 1 . The West genuinely feels that it is the most advanced, civilized, free and valid form of social organization, Like the Romans, Mayans, Egypt, Mesopotamia etc.All civilizations collapse for similar reasons (see Collapse of Complex Civilizatio ns, Law of Entropy) 22. Colonialism, Socialism and Fascism all products of modernism, as is radical Salamis Noon Gray, Straw Dogs, Heresies) in spite of the tendency to compare non-western ideologies to the past, medieval attitudes towards crime and punishment in Saudi Arabia for example, tribal conflicts in Africa or peasant communities of China. 3. Representation of Africa as behind Western Europe in terms of development (Edward Said). 24.Socialism – Meta-narrative of class [power. A socialist view on art and design might be that it supports the power elite (the owners of the ‘means of production', the already wealthy), the forces that subjugate the working classes, by presenting them (the wealthy) in the best possible light. (think about this next time you visit a major art gallery). 25. The means of production, publishing and media companies, art institutions etc. Are all owned or were established by the wealthy, and it is their interests that these institutions ser ve (see Media Lens). 26.Consumerism is one of the mechanisms that dazzle the ordinary folk into coexisting with the mechanism of their oppression (read Ragged Trousers Philanthropists by Robert Treeless, Germinal by Andre Guide, any George Orwell). 27. Capitalism – Corporate ownership of media and publishing. 28. Normative. Progress, idea of the self-made man, level playing field, Work hard and you will be successful'. National lottery or ‘idiot tax' is something that cashes in on the success of this image. 29. Racism – examples in earning, canons in education, National Galleries. Anglo-centric curriculum acts as propaganda for status quo. 0. Children's books golliwogs and teddy bears. Also animal characters and difference, what do they represent? Are there any patterns there? 31 . Anthropomorphism – Children's books, animal characters. Assumption of gender in animal characters. (Anomalousness) Animal Farm (Orwell). Function and reality, the farm, Sue CEO, the bastion. Fur trade and fashion, image and advertising (Theodore Adorn, Peter Singer) 33. Anarchism – Media Lens, Chomsky and propaganda model (Manufacturing consent, E. Herman and N. Chomsky) outlines how western mass media works as propaganda.John Pilfer – obvious propaganda of totalitarianism (USSR, N. Korea) compare to softer more inclusive (more deceptive? ) propaganda of corporate media. 34. Feminism Images of gender, (Butler, Original, Drink), Magazines. Lads mass, women's magazines. Andrea Drink, ironically vilified for her appearance but wrote extensively on the image of sexuality and patriarchal power and the relationship between Sexuality, queer theory and hetero normative. I challenge you all to get your head round these ideas and to seriously hint about visual culture and its affects in this arena. 35.Feminism is an inspiring way of looking at images, artifacts and design. These critical positions are critical of what they describe as the heterosexuali ty that dominates popular media and political discourse. Egg. Top Gear, football, marketing (big pen for her http:// www. Amazon. Co. UK/Bloc-For-Her-Medium-Ballpoint/EDP/BUFFETING). 36. The differentiation of gender roles in print media being an obvious example, but there are examples abundant in the visual language of science, heritage, leisure, commerce, and everything really. 37. Politics – Overtly political – Kendal, Chitchats, Kale Lass, Sue CEO, Joe Image.Covertly political – Marketing, publishing, advertising, product design, packaging (tacit support of Western consumerism, status quo) Apple, Span, suicides. 38. The discreet politics of art and design, consumerism, globalization and the visual cultural economy. Art turning left (Tate). 39. Semiotics – A theory of reading, not sure whether it is a theory of making. Look at Visible signs by David crow, Reading images, for examples. 40. The visual turn – the move to visuals from text based com munication (or the triumph of reading? . If images are seen as texts then ‘reading' still dominant. 1 . Multiplicity (objects can be encountered in a number of ways at the same time). 42. Intellectuality (texts refer to other texts, images exist within a world of images, styles of representation, critical interpretive communities (that maker can also be a member of etc) ever more so in digital communication. As a kind of coda to this presentation I would like to also talk about the upcoming talk on What's New? And briefly mention a couple of things. Structuralism / post structuralism and Post-Modernism – context – We will look at territoriality.Alto-modernism, after the structures and narratives of modernism. Hybrid, cultural, social and material mixing and matching. Common points of reference. Hipster cool, political disenfranchisement or disengagement with class ridden power structures or class identity. Postposition, DC culture, tropes and mimes. Franà §ois L aurelled – Non philosophy – Idea of looking critically or creatively at a discipline from the outside. Non – anything, (this references well known critique of Faculty by Deride, where D argues that Ifs history of Madness is always going to be room the point of view of the not mad.Really, what F was doing was imaging madness from an oblique and UN referenced perspective). Could this inform our practice? What would non-design, non-illustration look like. Illustration that doesn't illustrate? Design that hasn't been designed? What would it be to make work that doesn't do what it is told. Or that doesn't do what it is supposed to? This speculative thinking will be picked up in lecture 4. I have tried to talk you through some of these different that can be asked within these frameworks.The aim, though you are of course alcove to pick up on any of the questions that arise from this talk, is for you to be able to think differently about both your practical work, and yo ur wider cultural landscape. The main thing to remember here is that these are ideas that should inspire you to develop your work along a path that you were previously unaware of, to go off in a new direction or trajectory, one that isn't for everyone but is Just for you. At the moment, your work might not fit in with your ideas on society, politics, culture or whatever. But we are all products of this cultural m ©Lange and so is everything you sake.At the moment, it may be the best idea to strike out in a different critical direction (for the essay) and think about practical research on a module by module basis, keeping some of these ideas in the back of your mind, allowing the cross fertilization of thinking when appropriate. It is not necessary to rush headlong (in terror) into post-modernism. Next week we will be looking at the work of the photographers Adam Broodmare and Oliver Chain. I will send you a link to one of their books and an accompanying text. Your homework is to s tudy this material.

Leadership Style of Ivan Seidenberg Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leadership Style of Ivan Seidenberg - Essay Example Mr Seidenberg is regarded as one of the key element responsible for several successful mergers and acquisitions including NYNEX Corporation, Bell Corporation, MCI Inc and GTE Corporation in the years 1997, 2000 and 2006 respectively. He has also served as a director BlackRock International and Honeywell International Inc since 2011 (Forbes, 2013). Although Mr Seidenberg has given his resignation from his CEO post from Verizon communication Inc (Verizon), he will remain chairman of the board (Wall Street Journal, 2013). It is observed that Mr. Seidenberg had exhibited transformational leadership style at multiple stages and various situations. Transformational leadership skills include dealing with the complexity of the management problems effectively and with ease. Transformational theory was defined by theorist James McGregnor in the year 1978 (Sadler, 2003). Transformational leadership skills lead to excellent performance of the employees which are usually beyond the expectation of the organizations. Mr Seidenberg has always been promoting a congenial work environment which helped in achievement of targets and improved the organizational culture. The leadership style exhibited by Mr Seidenberg helped in promoting active participation in decision making, moral and social support, cooperation, etc. (Noguchi, 2005). Organizational Structure & Verizon Communications Under the control of Mr Seidenberg, Verizon Communications had developed a mechanistic and bureaucratic structure which is appropriate for the mass production and makes the employees task oriented. The structure of the organization determines the culture and the performance of the employees. It is believed that organizations are rational entities and the employees are considered as economic components (Martnez-Leon and Martnez-Garca, 2011). The attributes which are found in bureaucratic and mechanistic organizational structure are as follows: Different hierarchy levels where the authority emanates fro m the top level managers to the middle level managers and lower level managers (Martnez-Leon and Martnez-Garca, 2011). Intense work division which helps in generating work specialization A high degree of horizontal differentiation where certain employees are given specialized roles and responsibilities. High formalization which is derived from strict compliance to the formal rules and regulations (Martnez-Leon and Martnez-Garca, 2011). High relational complexity and centralization deriving from the managers need to coordinate the organizational activities which would help in developing effective control over employees and problem resolution. The organizational structure at Verizon had a strong hierarchical control, and the top level managers, especially the CEO, were responsible for decision making. The CEO was responsible for the creation of formalized groups, rules, protocols and procedures. The decision and information disseminated from the top level to the low level managers. Th e job duties, responsibilities and procedure are clearly defined. Although high centralization helps in improving the existing process, it can reduce the innovation procedure (Dastmalchian and Blyton, 1992).

How free is the free market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How free is the free market - Essay Example The first example which comes to mind is the labour market and western democracies such as the UK and the US pride themselves on being welfare states which regulate how the labour is governed (Chomsky, 1996). However, this governance and control may have political objectives as described by Adams (2002). Unemployment becomes an important question for governments therefore they may try to maintain low unemployment figures with the regulation of the labour market (Sloman, 2004). In essence, what should have been a free market in an economic system is turned into a controlled market. It could be asked why a system which promotes the idea of a free market as described by Adam Smith and many others who came after him actually seeks to regulate labour at all? The notions concerning the acceptance of a free market and competition between individuals seem to run counter to labour regulations and minimum wage laws (Chomsky, 1999). The answer given to solve this apparent disjoint is that regulations are supposed to protect people from those who may exploit them. For instance, without proper regulations created by the government bodies the labour market could become imperfect as factory owners could be unfair to the labour they have employed (Botero et. al., 2004). Richardson (1999) says that, â€Å"regulation of the labour market has been a feature of Western economies since it was proposed as an amelioration of some of the worst abuses of workers experienced during the Industrial Revolution (Richardson, 1999, Pg. 1)†. Undoubtedly, the situation during the Industrial Revolution meant that mill owners could treat their labour as they wished no regulatory controls existed on wages or work hours. The situation might be not have changed much today had there been no control on the market even though writers such as Chomsky (1999) suggest that the neoliberal agenda allows the exploitation of

Complete Marketing Plan of New Invented Coffee Product, Marketing Essay

Complete Marketing Plan of New Invented Coffee Product, Marketing Competition - Essay Example In France, generally, coffee is taken as either black or with milk. There are no choices of almond, chocolate, hazelnut, etc... However, it is when Starbucks Coffee entered the market in 2004, that the French’s â€Å"coffee culture† slowly changed from roadside cafà ©s with white porcelain cups, to â€Å"on the go† coffee in white plastic cups. Also, small cafà ©s in Paris such as Columbus cafe has introduced the need of coffee in a person’s daily routine. It is especially among young people that drinking coffee has become something of a fad, and frequenting cafà ©s is something they fancy. Although it is the young professionals, and university students who enjoy drinking coffee, quite a number of the older members of the French community too, drinks coffee – however in the more traditional way of having it either black or with milk. AUP Coffee is a newly invented brand of coffee that is aimed at joining the competitive coffee market of France. It is developed as an instant, processed coffee product. Convenience is very much taken into consideration since everything today is fast-paced and considered â€Å"to go†. As humans, it is natural for us to try a thing or two that is new. If it’s good, we share the thought. If it’s bad, we still share the thought – plus a lot of criticism. France’s market of today is simply a â€Å"trial and error† type of market, meaning the consumers try a new product that looks promising, and the product’s reputation can take it from there. With the ever growing competition in the market, especially of food and beverages, products have become a fad – something like fashion, only the classics (simple and functional) lasts for decades or more. Being a small name in the industry, AUP Coffee will be competing with giants such as Starbucks, established locals such as Columbus Cafe (in Paris), and other coffee shops who, through the years, have e stablished their reputation as household names. Being a coffee

Macdonald's Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Macdonald's - Case Study Example At some point, upon saturation in the market, he may return to a modified "multipronged" approach, and readdresses their desire to dominate the market, altering their product strategy to meet the specific needs of the market as dictated by their cultural and economic environments. Competition from players within the market such as Subway and from the substitute products has increased. New entrants such as Subway with fresh salads and sandwiches are giving tough competition to McDonald. Apart from this coffee outlets product market is itself giving tough competition to Mc Donald, who got affected due to world wide concern for Obesity. Another key factor responsible for the decrease in sales is the changing customer preferences and tastes. Young customers form the major segment of the market. The customers seek variety and buy products that look trendy. They also show high degree of brand preference. Youth are less interested in McDonald, as they perceive it to be an old formulation. The company's inability to handle its marketing mix properly is cited another key factor for the poor performance of the brand. Food product outlets require heavy promotions. The company did not provide enough consumptions avenues to customers help in improving sales. Identifying mAs with successful ad campaign, the company followed a planning process as outlined below: (i) Identifying marketing objectivities (ii) Communication effects (iii) Processing (iv) Exposure Identifying marketing objectives: first firm has to decide upon the marketing objectives that it wants to satisfy and the role of advertising in meeting those objectives. McDonald's advertising and promotion activities were minimal in the year 2004. Promotions were limited to banners and specific promotions. However the fast food market was growing rapidly. Thus company realized that burger is no longer an unmarked food product and has been accepted by consumers. The company has decided that it is the right time to improve its position in the market. The company identified that targeting the burgeoning middle class homes, whose income are on the rise and whose attitude towards eating out is changing, can increase volumes. Communication effects: any successful advertising campaign should establish a communication effects in the minds of the consumer that encourage him to take action (purchasing a product). A company can select from four possible communication effects. They are category need, brand awareness, brand attitude, and brand purchase intention Processing: McDonald then had to devise an advertising strategy to achieve its communication objectives. The company came up with the Big Mac campaign, which had short duration teaser ads that highlighted the intention to buy its burger. Exposure: the final step in an advertising program is to decide upon the original exposure of the ad campaign to achieve the desired impact of the target segment. Two aspects have to be decided at this stage media selection and media scheduling. Media selection refers to the identification of media through which the campaign has to run. Media scheduling refers to the taming and frequency with which the ads are exposed to the target audience. McDonald did not have a large

Reflecting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Reflecting - Essay Example However, I attained this skill through developing a plan of study time and adequate rest breaks that allowed me to concentrate during my work and avoid any distractions (Forsyth 39). In this case, I will capable of utilizing the library for my study since it offered me ambient environment that is free from noise distractions. A core aspect in managing my time is prioritization of tasks depending on their urgency and importance and I was capable of understanding that important tasks must be granted first priority and most of the time must be devoted towards handling the important tasks that bring the highest benefits to the company (Forsyth 56). In addition, the learning guided me in breaking down tasks so as to accomplish each activity in a progressive manager. This aspect will be useful in my future career since the human resources management functions such as interviewing, recruitment and training are sequential and must be accomplished in a certain progressive pattern that will enable the company to have talented employees (Forsyth 45). Furthermore, I learnt that procrastination hinders time management due to fear of handling the challenging tasks thus leading to time wastage. I believe I will be capable of control distractions such as politics, informal chats and discussions and engage in more challenging work of managing the human resources (Forsyth 67). I have acquired knowledge of how to schedule tasks, set deadlines, avoid stress and persevere by having a positive attitude in my work. In this case, I can schedule the tasks, set challenging and attainable goals, and remain committed to meeting the set deadlines without encountering work-related stress in my career (Forsyth 82). I believe success in my future career will require me to remain assertive and stress-free in handling human resources issues. Composition-1 has taught me the importance of starting early

Different Kinds of Personality Essay Example for Free

Different Kinds of Personality Essay The Duke and Knight play crucial parts in the scenes and themes of both poems. They have very contrasting personalities to one another. The knight is very gullible and naive- in falling in love with a woman he knows is an evil and unreal person- though he can do nothing to prevent this. In a way, his personality would suit that of the Duchess, as she too is very nai ve. The Duke in that instance though is completely the opposite. He is very wealthy, manipulative and arrogant and is only interested in impressing people. This is shown throughout the whole poem, as he is obviously speaking to someone he feels is important about his wife and her murder. He even ends the poem by boasting about a bronze statue, of Neptune taming a sea horse cast by Claus of Innsbruck who was probably someone famous in those days. The two men are in quite similar situations though; having both just lost a love in failed relationships, though the loss of the Dukes love was deliberate. They are also members of the nobility, being a Duke and Knight. However, there is another difference between them and that is that the knight appreciated natural gifts and wasnt ruled by his status. The language and context of both poems contrast with each other too. La Belle Dame Sans Merci is written as a ballad. It is designed to be read aloud and to be easy on the ear. This particular ballad differs from others because it has been made to sound as if it had been written 200-300 years before John Keats was even born. It is also written in quatrain but in the pattern of ABCB and revolves around a question and answer. This poem is very ambivalent so it makes you think about what the poem means and contains endstopped punctuation to make a bigger impression upon the reader. My Last Duchess is a dramatic monologue written in rhyming couplets although the endings dont always end with rhyming. The poem also contains run on lines with no particular punctuation at intervals, unlike in La Belle Dame. The background sources used by Keats and Browning are very unlike. There is a lot of history used in both poems. At the time Robert Browning wrote My last Duchess there was a large influence in Italy in particular over possessions and status. The story of the Borgias family who paid people to kill those they did not like or were not on friendly terms with, also gave him ideas. John Keats, though, was influenced by the thoughts and beliefs of people in 1795-1821. This was the time in which legends such as monsters and witches were at the centre of everyones minds. It was the idea of witches, which probably gave Keats the name of his poem. In those times, the word for witch was Bedlam which sounds like Belle Dame, so that could be significant. So, altogether there are many similarities and contrasts between La Belle Dame Sans Merci and My Last Duchess and both teach valuable lessons about life but also give insights into the lives and beliefs of some people in those times.

Criminal Theory Case Study: Whitey Bulger

Criminal Theory Case Study: Whitey Bulger Criminal Behavior James Joseph Bulger III (better known as) Whitey Bulgers criminal behavior started early on in life. Whitey ran away to join the circus at ten years old. According to Biography.com, Whitey Bulger was first arrested when he was 14 years old, for stealing, and his criminal record continued to escalate from there. As a youth, he was arrested for larceny, forgery, assault and battery, and armed robbery and served five years in a juvenile reformatory. Upon his release, he joined the Air Force where he served time in military jail for assault before being arrested for going AWOL. Nonetheless, he received an honorable discharge in 1952. (Biography.com) After the military, Bulger returned to Boston and committed multiple bank robberies in multiple states. In 1956 he was sentenced to 25 years in Federal prison for those bank robberies. After his release from prison Bulger immersed himself into Bostons organized crime, and by 1979 he was one of the top figures in Bostons underworld. After work ing with the FBI, he led the FBI on a 16-year manhunt. Whitey Bulger was finally caught by the FBI in 2011. In 2013, Bulger faced a 33-count indictment, including money laundering, extortion, drug dealing, corrupting FBI and other law-enforcement officials and participating in 19 murders. He was also charged with federal racketeering for allegedly running a criminal enterprise from 1972 to 2000. (Biography.com) Bulger was not convicted of everything, after a two-month trial, a jury of eight men and four women deliberated for five days and found Bulger guilty on 31 counts, including federal racketeering, extortion, conspiracy and 11 of the 19 murders. They found he was not guilty of 7 murders and could not reach a verdict on one murder. (Biography.com) Whitey Bulgers Life Whitey Bulgers childhood was rough. James Joseph Bulger Jr. was born on September 3, 1929, in Dorchester, Massachusetts, (Where I was born) as second of the six children, to Roman Catholic Irish parents who immigrated to America. (www.thefamouspeople.com) Whiteys father was a longshoreman that lost his arm in an industrial accident forcing him and his family to move to government housing in South Boston (Where I attended elementary school). When Bulger was ten years old, he attempted to run away and join the circus. When Whitey was 14, he was charged with stealing and forgery and other crimes resulting in being held in a juvenile reformatory for five years. Bulger joined the Air Force and was charged with AWOL ultimately being honorably discharged. Once Bulger returned to Boston, he returned to a life of crime and ultimately rose to the top crime boss in Boston. Bulger reigned over Bostons underworld for nearly 20 years. Oddly enough he was an informant for the FBI against another cr ime family which ultimately help Bulgers enterprises. When indictments against Bulger came down his connections at the FBI tipped him off to the impending arrest allowing Bulger to go on the run from 1996 until he was ultimately arrested in California 2011. Bulger was convicted of most of the charges levied against him, and he is currently incarcerated at Coleman Federal Penitentiary in Sumter County. Bulger was disciplined for sexual activity while in prison in 2016. Theories of Criminal Behavior I believe that the first of three theories that could describe White Bulgers criminal lifestyle would be Albert Cohens Theory on Delinquent Boys. Cohens research and resulting theory were a reaction to the limitations and oversimplifications he saw in Robert Mertons strain theory, according to the University of Portsmouth. Cohen agreed that criminal behavior was in part the result of the strain of being unable to accomplish ones goals, but he disagreed with Mertons hypothesis that crime was individual, gain-based and could occur at any socioeconomic status. In 1955, his book Delinquent Boys, Cohen investigated trends of criminal behavior in lower-class urban areas of the United States, then built on emerging findings about the delinquent subculture. Florida State Universitys College of Criminology and Criminal Justice states that Cohens investigation of gangs revealed that the groups were mostly lower-class males who seemed to be retaliating against a world that had given them empty promises regarding the American Dream. Cohens theory on the delinquent subculture also predicts that the existence of the subculture would likely draw in lower-status persons exposed to it, therefore creating more delinquency among anyone who might believe that their only opportunities for progress existed in the ranks of gangs. (www.reference.com) I believe Whitey Bulger also fit into the Durkheims Deviance theory, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦his discoveries were so deviant that people had a hard time accepting them. And they still do! Which is why Durkheims views of deviance have been pretty much ignored by sociologists for over 100 years. Durkheim was a firm believer in observation. So he began his study of deviance by observing as many societies as he could. He studied his own, those in neighboring European countries, and even those of the ancient past. What did he notice? They all had deviance! It didnt matter where or when he looked. In every society, there was something that got defined as deviant, and someone who did that deviant thing. (http://www.nonjudgmentday.org) I also believe that Whitey Bulger would fit into the Social Disorganization Theory. The theory of social disorganization states a persons physical and social environments are primarily responsible for the behavioral choices that a person makes. At the core of social disorganization theory, is that location matters when it comes to predicting illegal activity. Shaw and McKay noted that neighborhoods with the highest crime rates have at least three common problems, physical dilapidation, poverty, and a higher level of ethnic and culture mixing. Shaw and McKay claimed that delinquency was not caused at the individual level, but is a normal response by normal individuals to abnormal conditions. Social disorganization theory is widely used as an important predictor of youth violence and crime. (Mark Bond, Ed.D) There is little doubt that South Boston or Boston, in general, could fit this theory just as well as Chicago. Theoretical Application to Whitey Bulgers Life History Growing up in South Boston with a father that was a longshoreman and that was ultimately disabled allowed Whitey to do as he pleased and he did just that fitting the Albert Cohens Theory on Delinquent Boys. As a young man, Whitey was arrested for assault and battery, armed robbery, larceny, and assault. Those charges resulted in Whitey being sentenced to five years in a juvenile reformatory. After his release from the reformatory, Whitey joined the Air Force and subsequently went AWOL. Despite this, he was granted an honorable discharge. I included the military factor in this theory because as we know, men dont fully mature until at least 25 years old. Due to Whiteys now developed deviant behavior as a youth, I believe that he fits into Durkheims Deviance theory. As we all know there is deviance everywhere and I think that during Whitey Bulgers criminal rise he just took advantage of the deviance and rose to the top of Bostons underworld. Some say his power made him like a Robin Hood for the city, For years, James Whitey Bulger was viewed as a Robin Hood-like figure on the streets of South Boston, valued by his neighbors who saw him as a tough guy who kept drug dealers out of their neighborhood. That image was shattered when authorities began digging up bodies. (www.boston.cbslocal.com) Finally, Whitey Bulgers criminal activities fit in my opinion into the Social Disorganization Theory. Boston, like Chicago, was ripe for the picking when it comes to poor neighborhoods, high crime rates, socially disadvantaged people. Whitey dominated a city that had many poor areas that were very ethnically diverse just like Chicago. The mixture of these three theories, I feel, created Whitey Bulger. In my opinion, many of these theories are interchangeable and could fit almost any powerful crime figure. The mixture of these three theories, I feel, created Whitey Bulger. In my opinion, many of these theories are interchangeable and could fit almost any powerful crime figure. References http://www.biography.com/people/whitey-bulger328770#early-life http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/whitey-bulger-5588.php#5aP3OvO2zXd6OAzH.99 https://www.reference.com/world-view/albert-cohen-s-delinquent-subculture-theory-56a567cc29ecb061 http://www.nonjudgmentday.org/judgment-card-galleryblog/-durkheims-deviant-view-of-deviance https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/criminology-social-disorganization-theory-explained-mark-bond http://boston.cbslocal.com/2011/06/23/whitey-bulger-described-as-robin-hood-diabolical-killer/